328A IC
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Product Details
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SECTION 1: FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE & CIRCUIT ROLE
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1. Circuit Topology & Power Path:
- Schematic Designation: Labeled as U_CHG, U704, or SMB328 on Samsung Galaxy schematics.
- Placement: Positioned directly between the Micro-USB VBUS power rail and the primary system power inductor (VSYS) next to the battery connector.
- Power Flow:
* Receives raw +5.0V to +5.25V DC from the USB port across the VBUS input filtering capacitors.
* Uses internal high-frequency switching transistors and an external buck inductor to step down voltage to system voltage (VSYS / 3.8V to 4.2V).
* Distributes power simultaneously to the application processor/PMIC (system load) and regulates current into the battery (VBAT) via a low-resistance battery FET.
* USB-OTG Boost: Reverses converter operation to boost battery voltage (VBAT) back out to +5.0V on the VBUS pin to supply external USB flash drives or accessories.
2. Integrated Protection & Control Features:
- Dynamic Power Path Management (DPPM): Automatically routes maximum power to system hardware, allowing the phone/tablet to power on instantly even if the battery is fully drained to 0%.
- Input Over-Voltage Protection (OVP): Tolerates high-voltage input transients up to +20V/+30V to protect internal phone electronics against faulty wall adapters.
- JEITA Battery Safety Monitoring: Monitors battery NTC thermistor resistance and automatically steps down charging current and voltage at cold or warm temperatures to prevent lithium battery degradation or swelling.
- I2C Programmability: Enables digital control over charge termination voltage, pre-charge current, fast-charge current, and thermal safety thresholds.
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SECTION 2: BOARD-LEVEL FAULT SYMPTOMS
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1. Total Charging Failure (Dead USB Connection / 0.00A Current Draw):
- Connecting a certified USB charger and cable yields 0.00A current consumption on a USB power doctor meter; the device shows no charging animation or battery icon.
- Root Causes: Blown VBUS input section inside SMB328A, open-circuit buck inductor, or cracked solder balls under the 20-ball BGA package.
2. Fake Charging (Charging Animation Visible, Battery Percentage Freezes or Drains):
- The device screen displays the battery charging lightning bolt symbol, but the battery percentage never increases, or actually discharges over several hours of charging.
- Root Cause: Degraded switching FET or blown bootstrap capacitor inside/around SMB328A, causing charging current to drop to a negligible trickle (0.02A - 0.05A).
3. Extremely Slow Charging:
- The tablet requires 8 to 12 hours to charge from 0% to 100%; current draw is locked at ~0.25A - 0.40A instead of the standard 1.2A to 1.8A.
- Root Cause: Failed I2C communication with processor forcing the chip into low-current USB default mode (100mA/500mA), or degraded external buck coil.
4. Motherboard Heating Around Charging Section & VBAT Dead Short:
- Internal power switch breakdown causes a direct short circuit between VBUS or VSYS and Ground (0.000V).
- Connecting the motherboard to a DC bench power supply instantly trips the current limiter (1.5A–2.5A) before pressing the power button, with intense heat localized directly on the 328A chip.
5. "Charging Paused: Battery Temperature Too High / Low" Error Alert:
- The device displays a yellow temperature warning triangle on the screen and terminates charging due to damaged analog-to-digital converter (ADC) monitoring circuitry on the battery thermistor pin inside the chip.
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SECTION 3: STEP-BY-STEP MULTIMETER TESTING & DIAGNOSTICS
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1. Cold Testing (Diode Mode Drop Readings in mV):
- Multimeter in Diode Mode: Place RED probe on motherboard ground shield (GND); use BLACK probe to measure passive components around 328A:
* VBUS Input Decoupling Capacitors: ~450 mV to 560 mV (0.000V indicates a shorted bypass capacitor or punctured 328A input stage).
* System Buck Inductor (VSYS Rail): ~350 mV to 450 mV.
* Battery Connector Pin (VBAT): ~380 mV to 480 mV.
* Bootstrap Capacitor (BST): ~600 mV to 750 mV across the capacitor terminals.
* Battery Thermistor / ID Pin: ~600 mV to 850 mV.
2. Hot Testing (Live Voltage Checks With 5V USB Charger Plugged In):
- Plug in a functional 5V USB charging cable (without battery connected initially):
* Check VBUS Input Capacitor: Must read steady 5.0V to 5.25V DC.
* Check System Inductor (VSYS): Must read steady 3.8V to 4.2V DC.
* Check Battery Connector Terminal (+): Must output or pulse around 4.1V to 4.35V DC.
* Diagnostic Rule: If 5.0V is present at the input capacitors of 328A, but the system inductor reads 0V or a collapsing voltage below 1.5V, the 328A IC is burnt or cracked and must be replaced.
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SECTION 4: SOLDERING, REBALLING & REWORK SPECIFICATIONS
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1. IC Desoldering Protocols:
- Hot Air Station: Quick 861DW, Atten ST-862D, or Sugon 8620DX.
- Temperature Setting: 320°C - 330°C.
- Airflow Setting: 25% - 30% with a 3.0mm or 3.5mm straight nozzle.
- Thermal Protection: Cover neighboring processor, eMMC flash memory, and plastic camera/battery connectors with double-layer Kapton tape and thick aluminum foil.
- Removal: Dispense a small drop of tacky no-clean flux (Amtech NC-559-V2-TF). Heat the 20-ball BGA chip in small circular motions for 10-12 seconds until all solder balls liquefy, then lift straight up with high-precision curved micro-tweezers.
2. Motherboard Pad Leveling & Prep:
- Set micro-soldering iron to 330°C with a fine bevel (C210) tip.
- Apply a small bead of Sn63/Pb37 leaded solder to dissolve the factory high-melt lead-free alloy on the motherboard pads.
- Gently glide fine 0.8mm desoldering copper braid over the 20-ball grid footprint until all pads are completely flat and level.
- Thoroughly scrub the site with 99.9% pure Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) and inspect under microscope for torn pads or bridged copper.
3. Reballing New / Reused 328A (20-Ball WLCSP):
- Secure the chip into an appropriate universal small-IC / Samsung power IC stencil (0.12mm thickness, 0.40mm ball pitch).
- Scrape medium-temperature solder paste (Sn63/Pb37, 183°C melting point) into the stencil openings with a flat razor blade, wiping away excess paste cleanly.
- Reflow at 250°C - 260°C with 20% airflow until uniform, shiny solder spheres form in all 20 positions.
- Cool, wash with IPA, and inspect ball uniformity under microscope.
4. Alignment & Final Installation:
- Apply an ultra-thin, translucent film of tacky flux across the leveled motherboard footprint.
- Align the Pin 1 orientation laser dot on top of the 328A chip precisely with the Pin 1 marker on the PCB silkscreen.
- Reflow at 320°C - 330°C at 25% airflow. As the solder melts, surface tension will automatically pull the chip into exact alignment.
- Perform an ultra-gentle micro-nudge with fine tweezers to verify elastic return movement.
- Allow natural cooling for 3 minutes, clean away flux residue with IPA, connect battery and charger, and confirm normal current draw (typically 1.0A to 1.8A on USB power meter).
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