SM5418 IC
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SILICON MITUS SM5418 CHARGING IC HARDWARE DIAGNOSTIC & REWORK GUIDE
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1. FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE & CIRCUIT ROLE:
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- USB Input Power Management:
* Receives 5.0V DC from the Micro-USB charging port on the VBUS line.
* Filters and regulates input current to protect the tablet motherboard from voltage spikes and faulty chargers.
- Switch-Mode Battery Charging:
* Steps down VBUS 5V to deliver controlled constant-current (CC) and constant-voltage (CV) charge cycles
to the tablet's 3.8V lithium battery (up to 4.2V–4.35V cutoff).
- System Rail Distribution (VSYS):
* Powers the main PMIC and tablet processor directly while the battery is charging.
- Safety Protections:
* Monitors battery temperature via NTC thermistor (TS pin).
* Automatically cuts off charging in the event of overvoltage, thermal overload, or shorted battery cells.
2. COMMON TABLET HARDWARE FAULT SYMPTOMS:
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- Tablet Dead / No Power After Charging (ڈیڈ ٹیبلٹ):
* Connecting to charger shows 0.000A. Tablet does not turn on even with a charged battery because
internal power path switching in SM5418 is blown or open-circuit.
- No Charging (0.00A on USB Safety Tester):
* 5V reaches the Micro-USB port, but current draw is 0.00A. The tablet does not recognize the charging cable.
- Fake Charging (فیک چارجنگ / بیٹری فیصد نہ بڑھنا):
* The screen turns on and displays the battery charging lightning bolt, but charging current remains
locked at 0.05A–0.12A, causing the battery to slowly drain instead of charging.
- Severe IC Overheating Upon Charger Insertion:
* SM5418 becomes burning hot within 2 seconds of plugging in the charger due to internal short circuit
in input switching FETs.
- Primary Short Circuit on VBUS / VBAT:
* Shorted input capacitors or internal breakdown of SM5418 creates a direct short (0.000V in diode mode),
causing bench power supplies to trip immediately upon applying battery voltage.
3. MULTIMETER DIAGNOSTICS & VOLTAGE TESTING:
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A. Cold Testing (Diode Mode - Battery & USB Cable Disconnected):
1. Set digital multimeter to Diode Mode. Place RED probe on motherboard ground (shield frame) and probe
components surrounding SM5418 with the BLACK probe:
- VBUS Input Capacitor (Near charging port trace): Normal reading is ~550mV to 650mV. (0.000V indicates a dead short).
- VBAT Battery Connection Terminal: Normal reading is ~420mV to 520mV.
- VSYS / Inductor Rail: Normal reading is ~380mV to 480mV.
- USB Data Lines (D+ / D-): Normal readings are ~500mV to 650mV (must be closely balanced).
2. Short-Circuit Detection:
- If VBUS or VBAT reads 0.000V (beeping to ground), apply rosin smoke over SM5418 and inject safe voltage
(3.8V on VBAT with 1.5A limit, or 5V on VBUS). If SM5418 melts the rosin first, it is internally shorted.
B. Hot Testing (Operating Voltage Checks with Micro-USB Charger Plugged In):
1. Connect 5V USB charger:
- Check VBUS Input Capacitor: Must measure steady 5.0V to 5.2V DC.
- Check VBAT Output: Must measure charging voltage (~3.8V to 4.2V DC) reaching the battery pins.
2. Diagnostic Evaluation:
- If 5.0V is confirmed at the VBUS input capacitor, but 0.0V appears on the battery line and the tablet
shows no charging icon, SM5418 is blown and requires replacement.
4. MICRO-SOLDERING, REBALLING & REWORK SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Package Architecture:
* SM5418 is a miniature 25-ball BGA/WLCSP chip (5x5 matrix, 0.4mm pitch).
- Thermal Protection & Masking:
* On Samsung Tab 4 (T230/T231) motherboards, the Wi-Fi/BT module (W8887) and plastic FPC connectors
are situated nearby.
* Protect surrounding sensitive circuits using double layers of Kapton tape and heat-reflective aluminum foil.
- Desoldering (Removal):
* Apply a small amount of non-corrosive RMA / NC-559 tacky flux around the chip edges.
* Hot air rework parameters: Temperature 320°C – 335°C, Airflow 25%.
* Heat in even circular motions across the chip for 15 to 20 seconds.
* Lightly nudge the corner; once molten, lift the chip vertically with ultra-fine curved micro-tweezers.
- PCB Pad Preparation:
* Apply 183°C leaded solder wire (Sn63/Pb37) to the motherboard pads using a fine soldering iron tip at 270°C
to dilute remaining factory lead-free alloy.
* Clean all 25 PCB pads perfectly flat and smooth using micro copper desoldering wick and flux.
* Clean thoroughly with 99% pure Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA); inspect under microscope for pad integrity.
- Reballing Procedure:
* Use a universal 0.4mm pitch BGA stencil or dedicated Samsung Tab stencil.
* Spread 183°C fine-grain leaded solder paste evenly into the 25 apertures.
* Reflow using hot air at 270°C and low airflow (15%) until bright spherical solder balls form across all 25 pads.
- Installation:
* Apply an ultra-thin film of tacky flux on the cleaned motherboard pads.
* Align the Pin 1 orientation index dot on SM5418 precisely with the silkscreen corner mark on the PCB.
* Solder with hot air at 305°C – 315°C with 20% airflow. Watch the chip self-center via molten solder surface tension.
* Give a delicate micro-touch; it must spring back to center immediately.
* Allow the motherboard to cool naturally for 3 minutes before connecting the battery and testing charging current.
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