SMB1357 IC
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QUALCOMM SMB1357 SWITCH-MODE 3A BATTERY CHARGER IC REWORK GUIDE
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1. FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE & CIRCUIT ROLE:
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- High-Efficiency Switch-Mode Buck Charging:
* Converts incoming DC power (5V or 9V Quick Charge) to high-efficiency charging current up to 3.0A
with up to 89% conversion efficiency at 2A, minimizing heat dissipation on the motherboard.
* Robust input stage with transient surge tolerance rated up to 28V DC against faulty chargers.
- Dynamic CurrentPath Power Architecture:
* Employs an ultra-low 11mΩ internal BATFET switch that decouples the main system bus (VSYS) from
the battery terminal. The phone boots instantly when plugged into a charger, even if the battery
is severely depleted (0V to 2.8V).
- USB BC1.2 & Qualcomm Quick Charge 2.0 Handshake:
* Automatically detects standard downstream ports (SDP), charging downstream ports (CDP), and dedicated
chargers (DCP) via automatic input current limit (AICL) logic.
- USB-OTG Reverse Boost:
* Reverses current flow to boost battery voltage up to a regulated 5.0V output (up to 1.0A) through
the USB port to power flash drives, mouse, and OTG accessories.
2. BOARD-LEVEL FAULT SYMPTOMS:
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- Zero Current Draw / No Charging Response:
* Inserting a USB cable yields 0.000A draw on a USB digital power meter; phone displays no charging
animation and LED indicator remains off.
- Fake Charging (Charging Icon Shows But Battery Drains):
* The screen displays lightning bolt / charging percentage, but current draw is trapped at 0.05A–0.10A,
causing the battery percentage to drop continuously while plugged in.
- Slow Charging (Trapped at 0.45A):
* Phone refuses to draw more than 450mA because D+/D- handshake or input current regulation within
SMB1357 is corrupted.
- Dead Phone / VPH_PWR Short to Ground:
* High-side switching FET breakdown inside SMB1357 shorts the main system power bus to ground,
causing DC power supplies to trigger short-circuit protection (0.000V in diode mode).
- Immediate Cut-off When Unplugging Charger:
* The phone operates properly while connected to the charger, but shuts down immediately the second
the cable is unplugged (internal 11mΩ BATFET open-circuit).
- Rapid Thermal Overheating:
* SMB1357 gets burning hot immediately upon inserting the charging cable.
3. STEP-BY-STEP MULTIMETER TESTING & DIAGNOSTICS:
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A. Cold Testing (Diode Mode Check - Battery & Charger Disconnected):
1. Place multimeter in Diode Mode. Connect RED probe to PCB Ground (shielding frame), probe with BLACK probe:
- VBUS Input Filter Capacitors: Normal reading is ~500mV to 680mV (0.000V indicates a shorted input OVP/FET).
- PMID Capacitors (Internal High-Side Rail): Normal reading is ~460mV to 620mV.
- SW (Switch Node) / External Buck Coil: Normal reading is ~340mV to 460mV.
- VSYS / System Bus Capacitors: Normal reading is ~360mV to 480mV.
- VBAT Battery Line: Normal reading is ~380mV to 520mV.
- I2C Communication Lines (SDA / SCL): Normal reading is ~480mV to 650mV on both lines.
2. Short-Circuit Verification:
- If VBUS or VSYS measures 0.000V, inject 3.8V DC (limited to 1.5A). Use rosin smoke or a thermal
camera: if SMB1357 illuminates white-hot, remove the chip from the PCB.
B. Hot Testing (USB Charger Connected):
1. Connect a 5V/2A or Quick Charge adapter:
- Check VBUS capacitor: Must measure steady 5.0V or 9.0V DC.
- Check PMID capacitor: Must measure 5.0V or 9.0V DC. If VBUS has 5V but PMID has 0V, internal
reverse-blocking FET is blown.
- Check switching coil output: Must measure stable system voltage (3.6V to 4.35V DC).
- Check VBAT battery connector: Must output active charging voltage. If VSYS is 4.0V but VBAT pin
is 0V, internal BATFET is open.
4. SOLDERING, REBALLING & REWORK SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Micro WLCSP-30 BGA Architecture:
* SMB1357 is an ultra-miniature wafer-level BGA chip with 30 micro-balls on a 0.4mm pitch. Excessive
heat or mechanical pressure can easily chip its bare silicon corners.
- IC Desoldering Procedure:
* Shield surrounding plastic connectors and sensitive components with Kapton or aluminum heat tape.
* Apply a small amount of non-corrosive RMA tacky flux around the chip perimeter.
* Hot air rework parameters: Temperature 330°C – 340°C, Airflow 25%–30%.
* Circle the nozzle evenly over the chip for 15–18 seconds. Once solder balls liquefy, lift straight
upward with precision micro-tweezers.
- Motherboard Pad Preparation:
* Apply leaded solder paste (Sn63/Pb37, 183°C) to dilute high-temperature factory lead-free alloy.
* Flatten motherboard micro-pads using fine copper desoldering braid and a soldering iron at 280°C.
* Clean thoroughly with 99% pure Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA); inspect under a microscope to confirm no
bridging or missing traces.
- Reballing Procedure:
* Use a dedicated SMB1357 / Qualcomm charging BGA stencil (0.12mm thickness, 0.4mm pitch).
* Scrape 183°C fine-grain leaded solder paste smoothly into all stencil apertures.
* Heat with hot air set to 280°C with low airflow (15%) until bright, uniform solder spheres form.
- Placement & Final Reflow:
* Spread a microscopic film of tacky flux on the PCB footprint.
* Align the Pin 1 index dot precisely with the motherboard silkscreen corner marker.
* Reflow at 305°C – 315°C with 25%–30% airflow; the chip will automatically pull into center alignment
via molten solder surface tension.
* Allow motherboard to cool naturally for 3 to 5 minutes before connecting battery and testing charging current.
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